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1.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 100(2): 115-122, Feb. 2024. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-230285

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El hidrops fetal (HF) es una condición rara con una alta mortalidad. Este estudio analiza la evolución obstétrica y perinatal de los diagnósticos prenatales de HF, relacionándola con la etiología y el tratamiento intrauterino (TIU) recibido. Pacientes y métodos: Se revisaron 164 gestantes con diagnóstico prenatal de HF entre 2011 y 2021. Se registraron intervenciones prenatales, hallazgos clínicos, etiologías y resultados de los recién nacidos vivos. Resultados: Se realizó un estudio invasivo prenatal en el 79,3% de los pacientes. Las etiologías mayoritarias fueron alteraciones genéticas (31%), infecciones TORCH y por parvovirus B19 (9,7%), y cardiopatías estructurales (9,1%). En el 25,6% se realizó TIU, y entre todas las gestaciones, el 74,4% fueron interrumpidas. Las alteraciones genéticas tuvieron tasas más altas de interrupción legal del embarazo respecto a otras etiologías (p<0,01). Del total, solo nacieron el 25,6% de los fetos, la mayoría pretérmino. Los que recibieron TIU gozaron de mayores tasas de supervivencia perinatal y al año de vida (p<0,001). De entre aquellos nacimientos, las cardiopatías estructurales presentaron las peores tasas de supervivencia, mientras que las causas con mejor pronóstico fueron las taquiarritmias. La supervivencia al año de vida entre aquellos recién nacidos vivos fue del 70%, pero el 58,6% asociaron morbilidad significativa al alta. Conclusiones: A pesar de los avances en el manejo del HF, el mal pronóstico obstétrico, la mortalidad perinatal y la morbilidad de los supervivientes siguen siendo significativos. Estos datos son importantes para asesorar a las familias que reciben un diagnóstico prenatal de HF.(AU)


Introduction: Hydrops fetalis (HF) is a rare condition with a high mortality. This study analysed the obstetric and perinatal outcomes of antenatally diagnosed HF according to its aetiology and the possibility of intrauterine treatment (IUT). Patients and methods: We carried out a retrospective review of the health records of 164 pregnant women with a prenatal diagnosis of HF in a tertiary care centre between 2011 and 2021. We analysed prenatal interventions, clinical findings, aetiologies and obstetric and live-born infant outcomes. Results: An invasive prenatal study had been performed in 79.3% cases. The most common aetiologies were genetic disorders (31%), TORCH and parvovirus B19 infections (9.7%) and structural heart diseases (9.1%). Intrauterine treatment was performed in 25.6%, and 74.4% of pregnancies were terminated. Pregnancies with a prenatal diagnosis of genetic or chromosomal disorders had higher rates of elective termination compared to other aetiologies (P<.01). Among all pregnancies, only 25.6% resulted in live births (LBs), most of them preterm. Perinatal and 1-year survival rates were higher in the group that received IUT (P<.001). Among the LBs, structural heart diseases had the worst survival rates, while the aetiology with the best outcomes was tachyarrhythmia. Survival at 1year of life among those born alive was 70%, but 58.6% of these infants had significant morbidity at discharge. Conclusions: Despite advances in the management of FH, the poor obstetric prognosis, perinatal mortality and morbidity of survivors is still significant. These data are important for the purpose of counselling families when HF is diagnosed antenatally.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Prenatal Diagnosis , Hydrops Fetalis/mortality , Parvovirus B19, Human , Pregnancy Complications , Intrauterine Devices , Pediatrics , Infant, Newborn, Diseases , Neonatology , Retrospective Studies , Obstetrics
2.
An Pediatr (Engl Ed) ; 100(2): 115-122, 2024 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38307752

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Hydrops fetalis (HF) is a rare condition with a high mortality. This study analysed the obstetric and perinatal outcomes of antenatally diagnosed HF according to its aetiology and the possibility of intrauterine treatment (IUT). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We carried out a retrospective review of the health records of 164 pregnant women with a prenatal diagnosis of HF in a tertiary care centre between 2011-2021. We analysed prenatal interventions, clinical findings, aetiologies and obstetric and live-born infant outcomes. RESULTS: An invasive prenatal study had been performed in 79.3% cases. The most common aetiologies were genetic disorders (31%), TORCH and parvovirus B19 infections (9.7%) and structural heart diseases (9.1%). Intrauterine treatment was performed in 25.6%, and 74.4% of pregnancies were terminated. Pregnancies with a prenatal diagnosis of genetic or chromosomal disorders had higher rates of elective termination compared to other aetiologies (P < .01). Among all pregnancies, only 25.6% resulted in live births (LBs), most of them preterm. Perinatal and 1-year survival rates were higher in the group that received IUT (P < .001). Among the LBs, structural heart diseases had the worst survival rates, while the aetiology with the best outcomes was tachyarrhythmia. Survival at 1 year of life among those born alive was 70%, but 58.6% of these infants had significant morbidity at discharge. CONCLUSIONS: Despite advances in the management of FH, the poor obstetric prognosis, perinatal mortality and morbidity of survivors is still significant. These data are important for the purpose of counselling families when HF is diagnosed antenatally.


Subject(s)
Heart Diseases , Hydrops Fetalis , Infant, Newborn , Humans , Pregnancy , Female , Hydrops Fetalis/diagnosis , Hydrops Fetalis/etiology , Hydrops Fetalis/therapy , Tertiary Care Centers , Prenatal Diagnosis , Retrospective Studies , Heart Diseases/complications
3.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 121(1): e20220469, jan. 2024. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1550031

ABSTRACT

Resumo Fundamento: Seguimento de coorte retrospectiva de 30 anos que se aproxima da história natural dos tumores cardíacos diagnosticados no feto uma vez que nenhum caso foi submetido à interrupção da gestação. Objetivo: Avaliar a morbidade e mortalidade perinatal e em longo prazo em fetos com diagnóstico de tumor cardíaco. Como objetivo secundário avaliar os fatores que influenciaram os resultados perinatais e pós-natais. Método: Estudo de coorte retrospectiva envolvendo 74 gestantes com diagnóstico ecocardiográfico fetal de tumor cardíaco acompanhadas em dois serviços de referência no período de maio de 1991 a novembro de 2021. Foi realizada análise descritiva dos dados por meio de frequências absolutas (n) e relativas (%), mediana e intervalos interquartis. Para avaliar a associação entre as características ecocardiográficas e as manifestações clínicas com os resultados perinatais e pós-natais, foi aplicado o teste exato de Fisher. O cálculo da sobrevida global foi realizado pelo método de Kaplan-Meier e a comparação de curvas pelo teste de log-rank. O tempo de seguimento, calculado em meses, foi definido a partir da data de alta do hospital à data do status atual (vivo/censura ou óbito). O nível de significância considerado foi de 5% (p<0,05). Resultados: o rabdomioma é o tipo mais frequente (85%) de tumor cardíaco; apresenta alta morbidade (79,3%) e mortalidade geral de 17,4%; a presença de hidropisia fetal preditiva de óbito. Conclusão: A presença de hidropisia fetal teve impacto na mortalidade, sendo fator importante para aconselhamento e estabelecimento de prognóstico. A maioria dos óbitos ocorrem antes da alta hospitalar.


Abstract Background: This was a 30-year retrospective cohort study that approximates closely to the natural history of cardiac tumors diagnosed in the fetus, since there was no case of pregnancy interruption Objective: To assess morbidity and mortality in the perinatal period and at long term in fetuses diagnosed with cardiac tumor. Our secondary objective was to assess the evaluating factors of perinatal and postnatal results. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study with 74 pregnant women with an echocardiographic diagnosis of fetal cardiac tumor at two referral centers between May 1991 and November 2021. A descriptive analysis was performed, and data were expressed as absolute (n) and relative (%) frequencies, median and interquartile range. Fisher's exact test was used to evaluate the association of echocardiographic characteristics and clinical manifestations with perinatal and postnatal results. Global survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the curves were compared by the log-rank test. The time of follow-up, calculated in months, corresponded to the time elapsed from hospital discharge to current status (survived/ censoring or death). The level of significance was set at 5% (p<0.05). Results: Rhabdomyoma is the most common type of cardiac tumor (85%), with a high morbidity (79.3%) and overall mortality of 17.4%. The presence of fetal hydrops was a predictor of death. Conclusion: The presence of fetal hydrops had an impact on mortality, and hence is an important factor in counselling and determining the prognosis. Most deaths occurred before hospital discharge.

4.
Cuad. bioét ; 34(112): 279-295, sept.- dec. 2023.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-227019

ABSTRACT

El denominado aborto “eugenésico” tiene un extraordinario matiz diferencial frente a las otras moda lidades de aborto legalmente establecidas, que se concreta en el modo en que llega a formarse la decisión de la mujer, que no es previa, sino consecuencia de una información médica recibida sobre el feto; decisión, además, en la que late una clara componente ‘discriminatoria’, puesto que el aborto se produce exclusiva mente por la discapacidad del feto. Esa singularidad exige prestar atención al contexto en que se plantean las decisiones eugenésicas, porque en ellas inciden tres elementos fundamentales que, según se planteen, pueden conducir o no al aborto: en primer lugar, la oportunidad de realizar determinadas pruebas pre natales sin existir factores de riesgo. En segundo lugar, la enorme responsabilidad de los profesionales sanitarios a la hora de informar a los padres sobre el resultado de una prueba prenatal. En tercer lugar, el punto de vista de los futuros padres, que deberían evitar una concepción eugenésica de la paternidad/ maternidad, siendo conscientes de que lo que se está desarrollando en el útero de la mujer es su hijo o hija, no un embrión genérico afectado por anomalías; y que un hijo o hija es una realidad personal, más allá de sus capacidades. El artículo aborda estas tres cuestiones, que convierten al aborto eugenésico en una práctica discriminatoria y evitable, puesto que no se trata de impedir la decisión abortiva de la mujer, sino de refrendar su decisión primaria de continuar con el embarazo a partir de una visión positiva y no eugenésica de la discapacidad (AU)


The so-called “eugenic” abortion has an extraordinary differential nuance compared to the other le gally established modalities of abortion, which is specified in the way the woman’s decision is formed, which is not prior, but a consequence of medical information received about the foetus; a decision, more over, in which there is a clear “discriminatory” component, since the abortion is produced exclusively because of the disability of the foetus. This uniqueness requires attention to the context in which eugenic decisions are made, because they involve three fundamental elements which, depending on how they are made, may or may not lead to abortion: firstly, the opportunity to carry out certain prenatal tests in the absence of risk factors. Secondly, the enormous responsibility of health professionals in informing parents about the results of a prenatal test. Thirdly, the point of view of future parents, who should avoid a eu genic conception of parenthood, being aware that what is developing in the woman’s womb is their son or daughter, not a generic embryo affected by anomalies; and that a son or daughter is a personal reality, beyond his o her capabilities. The paper addresses these three issues, which make eugenic abortion a dis criminatory and avoidable practice, since the aim is not to prevent the woman’s decision to abort, but to endorse her primary decision to continue with the pregnancy on the basis of a positive, non-eugenic view of disability (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Congenital Abnormalities/diagnostic imaging , Informed Consent/ethics , Prenatal Diagnosis/ethics , Abortion, Eugenic/ethics
5.
Rev. colomb. obstet. ginecol ; 74(4): 310-316, dic. 2023. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1536076

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Describir un caso de diagnóstico prenatal de síndrome de Freeman-Sheldon mediante hallazgos ecográficos y secuenciación completa del exoma fetal. Materiales y métodos: Mujer de 33 años, con antecedentes de hipotiroidismo en tratamiento, a quien en semana 19 se realizó ecografía de detalle anatómico, en la cual se observaron deformidades en el feto en más de dos áreas corporales (extremidades superiores e inferiores), sugiriendo el diagnóstico de artrogriposis. Posteriormente, se brindó asesoría genética y se realizó amniocentesis en semana 20 de gestación, con análisis de la hibridación in situ por fluorescencia, seguido de secuenciación completa del exoma fetal. Este último examen permitió identificar una variante patogénica heterocigota en el gen MYH3, la cual se asocia con la artrogriposis distal tipo 2A. Conclusiones: La realización de la secuenciación completa de exoma fetal es un factor clave para identificar la mutación del gen MYH3, y confirma que las deformidades evidenciadas por ultrasonido estaban relacionadas con la artrogriposis distal tipo 2A. Es importante hacer la secuenciación de exoma fetal en fetos que muestren hallazgos de malformaciones articulares en el ultrasonido prenatal.


Objectives: To describe a case of prenatal diagnosis of Freeman-Sheldon syndrome based on ultrasound findings and complete fetal exome sequencing. Materials and methods: A 33-year-old woman currently on treatment for hypothyroidism in whom a 19-week detailed anatomical ultrasound scan showed fetal deformities in more than two body areas (upper and lower limbs), suggesting a diagnosis of arthrogryposis. Genetic counseling was provided and amniocentesis was performed at 20 weeks for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis and complete fetal exome sequencing, with the latter allowing the identification of a heterozygous pathogenic variant of the MYH3 gene which is associated with type 2A distal arthrogryposis. Conclusions: Complete fetal exome sequencing was a key factor in identifying the MYH3 gene mutation and confirmed that the deformities seen on ultrasound were associated with type 2A distal arthrogryposis. It is important to perform complete fetal exome sequencing in cases of joint malformations seen on prenatal ultrasound.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Prenatal Diagnosis , Arthrogryposis , Syndrome , Exome , Talipes
6.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 88(6): 351-358, dic. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1530033

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Reportar el resultado a largo plazo de una serie de fetos con agenesia del septum pellucidum aislada (ASP), con medición de su quiasma óptico mediante neurosonografía fetal (NSG). Método: Se incluyeron todas las pacientes con ASP y NSG evaluadas desde el año 2008 a la fecha y con seguimiento hasta su edad escolar. En todos los casos se consignaron los datos clínicos de NSG y de resonancia magnética (RM), cuando esta se realizó. Se entrevistó telefónicamente a los padres. Resultados: Nueve pacientes cumplieron los criterios: cuatro con displasia septo-óptica (DSO) (rango de seguimiento: 5-14 años) y cinco sin DSO (rango de seguimiento: 7-10 años). Un décimo caso se excluyó por tener solo 6 meses de seguimiento. Ninguna de las ASP tuvo otra anomalía detectada en su seguimiento. Ninguno de los casos con DSO tuvo alteración del tamaño de su quiasma óptico en la NSG ni anormalidad en la vía óptica en la RM. Conclusiones: En nuestra población, el riesgo residual de DSO frente a ASP es del 44,4%. En el seguimiento, nuestra definición de ASP por NSG no tuvo falsos negativos con relación a otras anomalías de aparición posnatal, a excepción de la DSO.


Objective: To report the long-term outcome of a series of fetuses with isolated septum pellucidum agenesis (ASP) with measurement of their optic chiasm by fetal neurosonography (NSG). Method: All patients with ASP and NSG evaluated from 2008 to date and with follow-up until their school age were included. In all cases, clinical, NSG and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were recorded. Parents were interviewed by telephone. Results: Nine patients met the criteria: four with septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) (follow-up range: 5-14 years) and five without SOD (follow-up range: 7-10 years). A tenth case was excluded because only 6 months of follow-up. None of the ASP cases had another anomaly detected in their follow-up. None of the cases with DSO had anomaly of the size of their optic chiasm on NSG or abnormality in the optical pathway in the MRI. Conclusions: In our population, the residual risk of DSO versus ASP is 44.4%. At follow-up, our NSG definition of ASP had no false negatives in relation to other postnatal-onset anomalies, except for SOD.


Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Prenatal Diagnosis , Septo-Optic Dysplasia/pathology , Septo-Optic Dysplasia/diagnostic imaging , Septum Pellucidum/pathology , Septum Pellucidum/diagnostic imaging , Pregnancy Outcome , Fetal Diseases
7.
Medicentro (Villa Clara) ; 27(4)dic. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1534848

ABSTRACT

Introducción: En Cuba, los defectos congénitos constituyen la segunda causa de muerte en niños menores de un año, por lo cual ocupan un lugar prioritario en los programas médicos sociales del país. Objetivo: Evaluar el comportamiento epidemiológico del diagnóstico prenatal de los defectos congénitos en Holguín, Cuba. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de la epidemiología de los defectos congénitos en la provincia de Holguín, Cuba, en el periodo de enero 2011- junio de 2020. Resultados: Los años con mayor número de defectos congénitos diagnosticados fueron: 2011, 2012, 2017 y 2018 con 308, 253, 290 y 236 pacientes, respectivamente. Los defectos congénitos más frecuentes fueron: cardiovasculares (comunicación interventricular, canal auriculoventricular, transposición de grandes vasos e hipoplasia de cavidades), renales (pielocaliectasia, hidronefrosis, riñones poliquísticos), y del sistema nervioso central (ventriculomegalia, hidrocefalia). El grupo de edad materna donde se realizó mayor número de diagnósticos fue entre 20-24 años, la mayoría en el segundo trimestre de la gestación; en el primer trimestre, el mayor número de defectos congénitos correspondió a los defectos de pared anterior. La tasa de mortalidad infantil por defectos congénitos se mantuvo estable en la mayoría de los años estudiados. Conclusiones: La estabilidad y perfeccionamiento del programa de diagnóstico prenatal de los defectos congénitos, y el asesoramiento genético adecuado, han tenido un resultado epidemiológico favorable en la provincia.


Introduction: congenital defects in Cuba are the second cause of death in children under one year of age that is why they occupy a priority place in the social medical programs of the country. Objective: to evaluate the epidemiological manifestation of the prenatal diagnosis of congenital defects in Holguín, Cuba. Methods: a descriptive and cross-sectional study of the epidemiology of birth defects was carried out in Holguín province, Cuba from January 2011 to June 2020. Results: the years with the highest number of diagnosed birth defects were 2011, 2012, 2017 and 2018 with 308, 253, 290 and 236 patients, respectively. The most frequent birth defects were cardiovascular (ventricular septal defect, atrioventricular canal, transposition of the great vessels and hypoplasia of cavities), renal (pyelokaliectasia, hydronephrosis and polycystic kidneys), and central nervous system (ventriculomegaly and hydrocephalus). The maternal age group in which the highest number of diagnoses was made was between 20-24 years, mostly in the second trimester of pregnancy; the largest number of congenital defects in the first trimester corresponded to anterior wall defects. The infant mortality rate due to congenital defects remained stable in most of the years studied. Conclusions: the stability and improvement of the prenatal diagnosis program for congenital defects, as well as an adequate genetic counseling, have had a favourable epidemiological result in the province.


Subject(s)
Congenital Abnormalities , Prenatal Diagnosis , Heart Septal Defects
8.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 99(5): 304-311, Nov. 2023. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-227240

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El objetivo fue evaluar la concordancia entre las pruebas de imagen, la ecografía prenatal y la TC posnatal empleadas en el diagnóstico de malformaciones pulmonares congénitas (MPC) y el estudio anatomopatológico (AP).Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes diagnosticados prenatalmente de MPC en los que se realizó seguimiento posnatal incluyendo una TC y un estudio AP de la lesión. Las variables estudiadas incluyeron: datos demográficos, edad gestacional al diagnóstico, hallazgos ecográficos y existencia de gestación múltiple. Utilizamos el coeficiente estadístico Kappa para establecer la concordancia entre la ecografía y las pruebas postnatales (TC y AP). Se analizaron de forma pareada la presencia de lesiones, la localización, el tipo y el tamaño, y la presencia de vascularización sistémica.Resultados: Se incluyeron 56 pacientes con 57 lesiones. La edad gestacional media al diagnóstico fue 22,42±3,94 semanas y el 57% fueron varones. El pulmón izquierdo y los lóbulos inferiores fueron los más afectados. La concordancia entre TC y AP en la detección de lesiones quísticas fue moderada (Kappa=0,55) pero más relevante que la detectada entre ecografía y AP (Kappa=0,10), siendo discreta entre ambas pruebas de imagen. La concordancia TC/AP fue sustancial (Kappa=0,66) en la detección de vascularización sistémica de la lesión y superior a la determinada entre ecografía y AP. Ambas pruebas de imagen demostraron una precisión muy buena en la identificación de la localización de las lesiones.Conclusiones: La TC posnatal ofrece una concordancia sustancial con el estudio histológico, especialmente en la detección de vascularización, y nos aporta datos predecibles sobre la anatomía de la lesión.(AU)


Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of imaging tests (prenatal ultrasound [US] and postnatal computed tomography [CT]) in comparison to histology for diagnosis of congenital lung malformations (CLMs).Material and methods: Retrospective study of patients with a prenatal diagnosis of CLM whose postnatal followup included thoracic CT scan and histological examination of the lesion. We collected data on demographic variables, gestational age at diagnosis, US findings and the history of multiple gestation. We used the kappa coefficient to determine the level of agreement between the findings of prenatal US and postnatal tests (CT and histology). We analysed paired data on the size of the lesion, its location and the presence or absence of systemic arterial vascularization.Results: The sample included 56 patients with 57 lesions. The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 22.42 weeks (SD, 3.94) and 57% were male. Malformations most frequently involved the left lung and the lower lobes. The agreement between CT and histology in the detection of cystic lesions was moderate (κ=.55) but stronger compared to the agreement between US and histology (κ=.10). The agreement between CT and histology was substantial (κ=.66) in the detection of systemic vascularization of the lesion and stronger compared to the agreement between US and histology. Both imaging methods were highly accurate in the identification of the location of the pulmonary lesions.Conclusions: Postnatal CT offers a substantial concordance with histological findings, especially in the detection of systemic vascularization, and an accurate prediction of the anatomy of the lesion.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Prenatal Diagnosis , Diagnostic Imaging , Congenital Abnormalities , Respiratory System Abnormalities , Histology , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Retrospective Studies , Pediatrics , Gestational Age , Lung Injury
9.
An Pediatr (Engl Ed) ; 99(5): 304-311, 2023 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37867012

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of imaging tests (prenatal ultrasound [US] and postnatal computed tomography [CT]) in comparison to histology for diagnosis of congenital lung malformations (CLMs). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study of patients with a prenatal diagnosis of CLM whose postnatal follow-up included thoracic CT scan and histological examination of the lesion. We collected data on demographic variables, gestational age at diagnosis, US findings and the history of multiple gestation. We used the kappa coefficient to determine the level of agreement between the findings of prenatal US and postnatal tests (CT and histology).We analysed paired data on the size of the lesion, its location and the presence or absence of systemic arterial vascularization. RESULTS: The sample included 56 patients with 57 lesions. The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 22.42 weeks (SD, 3.94) and 57% were male. Malformations most frequently involved the left lung and the lower lobes. The agreement between CT and histology in the detection of cystic lesions was moderate (κ = 0.55) but stronger compared to the agreement between US and histology (κ = 0.10). The agreement between CT and histology was substantial (κ = 0.66) in the detection of systemic vascularization of the lesion and stronger compared to the agreement between US and histology. Both imaging methods were highly accurate in the identification of the location of the pulmonary lesions. CONCLUSIONS: postnatal CT offers a substantial concordance with histological findings, especially in the detection of systemic vascularization, and an accurate prediction of the anatomy of the lesion.


Subject(s)
Lung Diseases , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Pregnancy , Female , Humans , Male , Retrospective Studies , Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Lung Diseases/congenital , Lung Diseases/pathology , Lung/diagnostic imaging , Lung/abnormalities
10.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 88(5): 278-285, oct. 2023. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1530025

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Los quistes interhemisféricos asociados a agenesia del cuerpo calloso constituyen un grupo infrecuente y heterogéneo de anomalías del SNC. Objetivo: Reportar nuestra experiencia en quistes interhemisféricos asociados a agenesia del cuerpo calloso (QIH/ACC), haciendo énfasis en sus características en la neurosonografía (NSG), su comparación con la resonancia magnética (RM) y su evolución clínica posterior. Método: Se incluyeron todas las pacientes con QIH/ACC evaluadas desde el año 2008. En todos los casos se consignaron los datos clínicos, de NSG y de RM cuando se realizó. Se entrevistó telefónicamente a los padres. Resultados: Fueron seleccionados 9 casos con QIH/ACC. De ellos, 5 fueron quistes tipo 1, 3 tuvieron anomalías asociadas y en los 3 hubo una anomalía genética patogénica. Cuatro casos fueron quistes tipo 2, 3 de ellos con un patrón NSG sugerente de síndrome de Aicardi. Hubo una excelente correlación entre NSG y RM, ya fuera esta última realizada ante- o posnatal, particularmente con relación a las malformaciones del desarrollo cortical asociadas al QIH/ACC. Conclusiones: En comparación con la RM y el resultado final, hubo alta concordancia con lo diagnosticado en la NSG, en especial en cuanto a malformaciones del desarrollo cortical asociadas, lo que añade valor al método diagnóstico que ofrecemos a nuestra población consultante.


Background: Callosal agenesis associated with interhemispheric cysts correspond to a rare and heterogenous group of CNS anomalies. Objective: To report our experience in interhemispheric cysts associated with agenesis of the corpus callosum (QIH/ACC), emphasizing its characteristics in neurosonography (NSG), its comparison with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and its subsequent clinical evolution. Method: All patients with QIH/ACC evaluated since 2008 were included. In all cases, clinical, NSG and MRI data were recorded when performed. The parents were interviewed by telephone. Results: A total of 9 cases were selected with QIH/ACC. 5 cases were type 1 cysts, 3 of them had associated abnormalities and in all 3 there was a pathogenic genetic anomaly. 4 cases were type 2 cysts, 3 of them with an NSG pattern suggestive of Aicardi syndrome. There was an excellent correlation between NSG and MRI, either before or postnatally, particularly in relation to cortical developmental malformations associated with QIH/ACC. Conclusions: Compared to MRI and the final result, there was high agreement with what was diagnosed in NSG, especially in what corresponds to associated cortical developmental malformations, which adds value to the diagnostic method we offer to our consulting population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Cysts/diagnostic imaging , Agenesis of Corpus Callosum/diagnostic imaging , Retrospective Studies , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Aicardi Syndrome
11.
Rev. colomb. obstet. ginecol ; 74(3): 237-243, sept. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1536071

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Reportar un caso de diagnóstico prenatal de riñón ectópico intratorácico (REI) con hernia diafragmática y manejo quirúrgico neonatal, y hacer una revisión de la literatura sobre diagnóstico prenatal de REI y el pronóstico perinatal. Materiales y métodos: Se reporta el caso de un feto de 28 semanas en el que se observó imagen ecográfica sugestiva de masa en hemitórax derecho que desplazaba corazón y pulmón; se confirmó que correspondía a un riñón intratorácico. Por laparoscopia, al recién nacido se le colocó una malla en continuidad con el diafragma dejando el riñón en el abdomen, con buena evolución. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en PubMed, Embase y Cochrane. Se buscaron cohortes, reportes y series de caso de gestaciones con diagnóstico prenatal de riñón intratorácico fetal. Se extrajo información del diseño, la población, el diagnóstico por imágenes, el tratamiento y el pronóstico. Resultados: En la búsqueda se identificaron 8 estudios que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y que informan en total ocho casos. El diagnóstico ecográfico mostró REI asociado a hernia diafragmática en todos los sujetos. Se utilizó también la RM fetal en cinco casos. Seis neonatos sobrevivieron sin complicaciones, en uno hubo interrupción voluntaria del embarazo, y otro presentó sepsis y dificultad respiratoria, finalmente fue dado de alta en buenas condiciones. Conclusiones: El REI es una anomalía congénita susceptible de diagnóstico prenatal. La sobrevida a la cirugía correctora en el periodo neonatal es frecuente. La literatura disponible en torno al diagnóstico prenatal de REI es escasa y se limita a reportes de casos.


Objectives: To report a case of prenatal diagnosis of ectopic intrathoracic kidney with diaphragmatic hernia managed surgically after birth, and to conduct a review of the literature on prenatal diagnosis of ectopic intrathoracic kidney and perinatal prognosis. Material and methods: We report the case of a 28-week fetus in which, on ultrasound imaging, a mass was observed displacing the heart and lung in the right hemithorax, which was was confirmed by magnetic resonance (MR) to be an ectopic intrathoracic kidney. After birth, the neonate was approached by laparoscopy to place a mesh in continuity with the diaphragm, leaving the kidney in the abdomen, with good evolution. A search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases for cohorts, case reports and case series of prenatal diagnosis of intrathoracic kidney in the fetus. Information was retrieved regarding design, population, imaging diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Results: The search identified 8 studies that met the inclusion criteria, reporting a total of 8 cases. Ultrasound diagnosis showed ectopic intrathoracic kidney associated with diaphragmatic hernia in all the subjects. Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was also used in 5 cases. Conclusions: Ectopic intrathoracic kidney is a congenital abnormality amenable to prenatal diagnosis. Survival after corrective surgery performed in the neonatal period is common. There is a paucity of publications, limited to case reports, regarding the prenatal diagnosis of this condition.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn
12.
Medicentro (Villa Clara) ; 27(3)sept. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514487

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las anomalías congénitas renales y de las vías urinarias constituyen la principal causa de enfermedad renal crónica en la edad pediátrica. Su etiología es multifactorial. Intervienen factores maternos, genéticos y ambientales. En Cuba, las afecciones congénitas del riñón y las vías urinarias constituyen una latente preocupación y aunque se ha incrementado el diagnóstico prenatal de las mismas, el número de pacientes diagnosticados es alto. Objetivo: Contribuir al conocimiento de la comunidad científica en relación con los factores de riesgo asociados a las anomalías del desarrollo renal. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura médica disponible en las bases de datos Ebsco, SciELO, Scopus, Pubmed, revistas de nefrología pediátrica, pediatría, genética y teratología; y en la red social académica: Researchgate. Se accedió, durante los últimos cinco años, a varios artículos publicados en español y en inglés. Se utilizaron los descriptores Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract, hydronephrosis, risk factors, prenatal diagnosis, congenital abnormalities. Conclusiones: La presencia de la diabetes, desde la etapa preconcepcional y durante las primeras semanas del embarazo, la obesidad, las dietas maternas bajas en proteínas, y las alteraciones de la fertilidad, se asocian a las anomalías del desarrollo renal. Existen factores de riesgo específicos para determinados tipos de defectos congénitos renales y de las vías urinarias. No se considera, que el consumo del ácido fólico tenga un papel protector sobre las alteraciones de la embriogénesis renal, por lo que se recomienda ser cauteloso con la dosis que se administra a las embarazadas.


Introduction: congenital renal and urinary tract anomalies are the main cause of chronic kidney disease in children. Its etiology is multifactorial. Maternal, genetic and environmental factors are involved. In Cuba, congenital renal and urinary tract affections constitute a latent concern, and although their prenatal diagnoses have increased, the number of diagnosed patients is high. Objective: to contribute to the knowledge of the scientific community in relation to the risk factors associated with renal developmental anomalies. Methods: a systematic review of the available medical literature was carried out in Ebsco, SciELO, Scopus and Pubmed databases, in pediatric nephrology, pediatrics, genetics, and teratology journals as well as in the academic social network: Researchgate. Several articles published in Spanish and English languages were accessed during the last five years. The used descriptors were congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract, hydronephrosis, risk factors, prenatal diagnosis and congenital abnormalities. Conclusions: the presence of diabetes, from the preconceptional stage and during the first weeks of pregnancy, obesity, maternal diets low in protein, and fertility disorders, are associated with renal developmental anomalies. There are specific risk factors for certain types of kidney and urinary tract birth defects. It is not considered that the consumption of folic acid has a protective role on the alterations of renal embryogenesis, so it is recommended to be cautious with the dose administered to pregnant women.


Subject(s)
Prenatal Diagnosis , Congenital Abnormalities , Urogenital Abnormalities , Risk Factors , Hydronephrosis
13.
Radiol. bras ; 56(5): 282-286, Sept.-Oct. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1529312

ABSTRACT

Abstract Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is characterized by underdevelopment of the left-sided heart structures. The prenatal diagnosis of this congenital heart disease is crucial because a newborn with undiagnosed HLHS often presents with clinical signs of low cardiac output once the ductus arteriosus begins to close. With that in mind, the aim of this article was to perform a non-systematic review focusing on the key ultrasound features that can be used in the prenatal diagnosis of HLHS. Severe forms of HLHS are characterized by a markedly abnormal four-chamber view of the fetal heart (small left atrium, hypoplastic left ventricle, or abnormal mitral valve). The left ventricular outflow tract view allows the degree of hypoplasia in the tract to be evaluated and the diameter of the ascending aorta to be measured. The Z-scores are intended to aid in the diagnosis and follow-up of HLHS. In mild forms of HLHS, a right ventricle/left ventricle length ratio > 1.28 was the strongest predictor of a univentricular outcome.


Resumo A síndrome do coração esquerdo hipoplásico (SCEH) é caracterizada pelo subdesenvolvimento das estruturas cardíacas do lado esquerdo. O diagnóstico pré-natal dessa cardiopatia congênita é crucial, uma vez que recém-nascido com SCEH não diagnosticado apresenta, frequentemente, sinais clínicos de baixo débito cardíaco, quando o canal arterial começa a se fechar. Por isso, o objetivo deste artigo foi realizar uma revisão não sistemática sobre as principais características ultrassonográficas que podem ser usadas no diagnóstico pré-natal da SCEH. As formas graves de SCEH são caracterizadas por plano de quatro câmaras marcadamente anormal (átrio esquerdo pequeno, ventrículo esquerdo hipoplásico, válvula mitral anormal) do coração fetal. A visualização da via de saída do ventrículo esquerdo permite a avaliação do grau de hipoplasia dessa via e a mensuração da aorta ascendente. Os escores Z têm como objetivo auxiliar no diagnóstico e acompanhamento da SCEH. Nas formas leves da SCEH, a relação comprimento do ventrículo direito/comprimento do ventrículo esquerdo > 1,28 foi a variável mais forte para identificar o desfecho univentricular.

14.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 88(4): 248-254, ago. 2023. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1515216

ABSTRACT

La pentalogía de Cantrell es una rara anomalía congénita caracterizada por la asociación de ectopia cordis con defectos en la pared toracoabdominal, el diafragma, el esternón y pericárdicos, y anomalías cardíacas intrínsecas. En diagnóstico prenatal, la ecografía se utiliza sistemáticamente entre las 11 y 14 semanas de gestación, evaluando marcadores de alteraciones cromosómicas como la sonolucencia nucal, el hueso nasal y la morfología patológica del ductus venoso, entre otros. Además, permite examinar la anatomía fetal y diagnosticar anomalías mayores, como acrania-anencefalia, holoprosencefalia, defectos de la pared abdominal y toracoabdominal, entre los que se incluye la pentalogía de Cantrell. Se reporta un feto con los hallazgos clásicos de pentalogía de Cantrell, que fue expulsado a las 13 semanas de gestación bajo protocolo de interrupción voluntaria del embarazo. Madre de 23 años, G1P0, sin exposiciones teratogénicas, en cuyo feto se encontró ectopia cordis, asas intestinales e hígado por fuera de la cavidad abdominal en las 10 y 12 semanas de gestación. El objetivo de este estudio es aportar a la literatura un reporte de pentalogía de Cantrell, siendo el primero reportado en Colombia en el primer trimestre de gestación, mostrando la importancia de la ecografía sistemática durante este periodo, en el marco de la posibilidad de interrupción voluntaria del embarazo.


Cantrells pentalogy is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by the association of ectopia cordis with intrinsic cardiac anomalies and various anatomical defects found in the thoracoabdominal wall, diaphragm, sternum and pericardium. Ultrasound is used routinely between 11 and 14 weeks of gestation during prenatal diagnosis. It evaluates markers of chromosomal alterations such as nuchal sonolucency, the nasal bone, and the pathological morphology of the ductus venosus, among others. Furthermore, it allows the diagnosis of altered fetal anatomy and major abnormalities such as acrania-anencephaly, holoprosencephaly, abdominal and thoraco-abdominal wall defects including Cantrells pentalogy. In this case report, we present a fetus with the classic findings of Cantrells pentalogy, which was expelled during the 13th week of gestation under the protocol of voluntary interruption of pregnancy. The mother, a 23-year-old woman, G1P0, without teratogenic exposures, in whom during the routine ultrasound of the 10th and 12th weeks of gestation ectopia cordis, intestinal loops and liver outside the abdominal cavity were found on the fetus. The main objective of this study is to contribute to the literature a case report of pentalogy of Cantrell, diagnosed through prenatal ultrasound, being the first reported in Colombia during first trimester of gestation, showing the importance of routine ultrasound, in the context of access to a voluntary termination of pregnancy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Pentalogy of Cantrell/diagnostic imaging , Pregnancy Trimester, First , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Abortion, Induced , Ectopia Cordis/etiology , Pentalogy of Cantrell/surgery , Pentalogy of Cantrell/complications
15.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536700

ABSTRACT

La ictiosis arlequín, también conocida como queratosis difusa fetal, es un trastorno cutáneo hereditario, extremadamente raro y grave desde el punto de vista fenotípico, con herencia autosómica recesiva. La enfermedad es causada por mutaciones en el gen de la proteína transportadora de casetes de unión a trifosfato de adenosina (ABCA12). La ecografía prenatal y el análisis genético son importantes para el diagnóstico prenatal. El diagnóstico ecográfico prenatal es difícil y los hallazgos incluyen placas de ectropión, pabellón auricular anormal, nariz plana, piel engrosada con apariencia de armadura, labios engrosados con estado sostenido de boca abierta (boca de pez) y fijación en flexión de las extremidades. Estas generalmente son encontradas durante el tercer trimestre. La ecografía tridimensional contribuye a la evaluación de la morfología facial. El pronóstico es generalmente desfavorable. Los neonatos afectados no suelen sobrevivir más allá de los primeros días de vida. Se presenta un caso de diagnóstico prenatal de ictiosis arlequín.


Harlequin ichthyosis, also known as diffuse fetal keratosis, is an extremely rare and phenotypically severe hereditary skin disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance. This disease is caused by mutations in the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter protein (ABCA12) gene. Prenatal ultrasonography and genetic analysis are important for prenatal diagnosis. Prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis is difficult, and findings include ectropion plates, an abnormal auricular pinna, a flat nose, thickened skin with an armor-like appearance, thickened lips with sustained open mouth (fish mouth) status, and flexion fixation of the extremities. These are usually found during the third trimester. Three-dimensional ultrasonography contributes to the evaluation of facial morphology. The prognosis is generally poor. Affected neonates usually do not survive beyond the first days of life. A case of prenatal diagnosis of harlequin ichthyosis is presented.

16.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536701

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de transfusión feto-fetal (STFF) es una complicación propia de los embarazos gemelares monocoriales, con mortalidad perinatal del 80 a 100%. Ocurre por un desequilibrio en el flujo sanguíneo placentario entre ambos gemelos. El diagnóstico se basa en la discordancia del líquido amniótico y luego se clasifica en estadios según los criterios de Quintero. El tratamiento principal es la fetoscopia y fotoablación con energía láser (FFL) de las anastomosis placentarias. Presentamos un caso de gestación gemelar monocorial biamniótica tratado con FFL en plena cuarentena e inmovilización de la pandemia COVID-19 en Perú, que incluyó diagnóstico oportuno y referencia rápida para recibir el tratamiento especializado.


The twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a potentially lethal complication that can occur in monochorionic twin pregnancies due to an imbalance in placental blood flow. Diagnosis is based on amniotic fluid discordance and classified using the Quintero staging system. The primary treatment is fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLP) of placental anastomoses. A successful case of FLP treatment in a monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy with TTTS during COVID-19 pandemic in Peru is presented.

17.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536702

ABSTRACT

La vasa previa es una patología poco frecuente en la que los vasos umbilicales se encuentran transcurriendo en las cercanías del orificio cervical interno. Habitualmente está asociada a inserción velamentosa del cordón, placenta succenturiata, inserción baja placentaria y fertilización in vitro. Tiene importantes implicancias perinatales el lograr un diagnóstico precoz en el segundo trimestre, porque se logra disminuir la mortalidad neonatal. Presentamos el primer caso de diagnóstico prenatal de vasa previa tipo 3 (una variante poco conocida) comunicado en el Perú en una gestante con placenta previa y sin diagnóstico hasta el tercer trimestre.


Vasa previa is a rare condition in which the umbilical vessels are found to run in the vicinity of the internal cervical os. It is usually associated with velamentous insertion of the umbilical cord, placenta succenturiata, low placenta insertion and in vitro fertilization. Early diagnosis in the second trimester has important perinatal implications because it reduces neonatal mortality. We present the first case of prenatal diagnosis of vasa previa type 3 (a little known variant) reported in Peru in a pregnant woman with placenta previa and undiagnosed until the third trimester.

18.
Radiologia (Engl Ed) ; 65(3): 195-199, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37268361

ABSTRACT

In June 2019 in Seville, at the first course in fetal MRI, endorsed by the Spanish Society of Medical Radiology (SERAM) and the Spanish Society of Pediatric Radiology (SERPE), the Spanish fetal MRI group was founded. To establish this group, a questionnaire was designed for radiologists dedicated to prenatal imaging in Spain and disseminated to the SERAM's members. The questions were related to the type of hospital, to MRI studies (magnetic field, gestational age, use of sedation, number of studies per year, proportion of fetal neuroimaging studies), and to teaching and research about fetal MRI. A total of 41 responses were received from radiologists in 25 provinces (88% working in public hospitals). Very few radiologists in Spain perform prenatal ultrasonography (7%) or prenatal CT. MRI is done in the second trimester (34%) or in the third trimester (44%). In 95% of centers, fetal brain MRI studies predominate. In 41% of the centers, studies can be done on 3 T MRI scanners. Maternal sedation is used in 17% of centers. The number of fetal MRI studies per year varies widely, being much higher in Barcelona and Madrid than in the rest of Spain.


Subject(s)
Fetus , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Pregnancy , Female , Child , Humans , Spain , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Fetus/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Surveys and Questionnaires
19.
Perinatol. reprod. hum ; 37(2): 43-53, abr.-jun. 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514611

ABSTRACT

Resumen Antecedentes: Las malformaciones del tracto urinario representan el 15-20% de las anomalías por ecografía prenatal; la prevalencia oscila entre 3 y 6 por cada 1,000 nacimientos. Objetivo: Conocer el desenlace clínico de los recién nacidos diagnosticados prenatalmente con malformación del tracto urinario. Material y métodos: Observacional, analítico, ambispectivo. Recién nacidos con diagnóstico prenatal de malformación urinaria. Evaluación posnatal con pruebas diagnósticas, analizamos días de estancia hospitalaria, intervención quirúrgica y seguimiento. Resultados: 45 pacientes, 55% varones, 65% de término, 77% cesárea. El diagnóstico prenatal más frecuente fue hidronefrosis, 100% se realizó ultrasonido renal posnatal, 27% cistograma miccional, 42% gammagrama renal; 60% requirió estancia hospitalaria prolongada, 27% intervención quirúrgica, 60% seguimiento. 89% de los casos diagnosticados prenatalmente se corroboró algún tipo de malformación del tracto urinario, solo en el 75% de los casos fue el mismo diagnóstico. Conclusión: La evaluación posnatal siempre requiere la realización de un ultrasonido renal y no en todos los casos realización de cistograma miccional o gammagrama renal.


Abstract Background: Urinary tract malformations represent 15-20% of abnormalities in prenatal ultrasound; the prevalence oscillates between 3-6 per 1000 births. Objective: To know the clinical outcome of newborns diagnosed prenatally with some malformation of the urinary tract. Material and methods: Observational, analytical, ambispective. Newborns with prenatal diagnosis of malformation urinary. Postnatal evaluation diagnostic tests performed, we analyzed the days of hospital stay, surgical intervention, follow-up. Results: 45 children, 55% male, 65% term, 77% c-section. Prenatal diagnosis with higher frequency was hydronephrosis. In all cases postnatal renal ultrasound was performed, 27% voiding cystogram, 42% renal gammagram. A 60% of the cases required prolonged hospital stay, 27% required a surgical intervention, 60% were follow-up. 89% of the cases diagnosed prenatally corroborated some type of malformation of the urinary tract, only in 75% of the cases was the same diagnosis. Conclusion: Postnatal evaluation always requires the performance of a renal ultrasound and not in all cases the performance of voiding cystogram or renal gammagram.

20.
Radiología (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 65(3): 195-199, May-Jun. 2023. tab, mapas
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-221000

ABSTRACT

En junio de 2019 se organizó en Sevilla el primer curso de resonancia magnética (RM) fetal, con el aval de las sociedades españolas de Radiología Médica (SERAM) y Radiología Pediátrica (SERPE), y se fundó el grupo español de RM fetal. Para establecer este grupo, se diseñó un cuestionario para radiólogos que se dediquen a la imagen prenatal en España que anunció la Sociedad Española de Radiología a sus socios. Las preguntas estaban relacionadas con el tipo de hospital, con los estudios de RM (campo magnético, edad gestacional, uso de sedación, número de estudios por año, proporción de estudios de neuroimagen fetal) y con la docencia e investigación de la RM fetal. Recogimos 41 respuestas de 25 provincias (88% hospitales públicos). Muy pocos radiólogos realizan ecografía (7%) o tomografía computarizada prenatal en España. La RM se realiza en el segundo trimestre (34%) o tercer trimestre (44%). En el 95% de los centros predominan los estudios del cerebro fetal. El 41% de los centros tienen la posibilidad de realizar sus estudios en RM 3 Tesla. La sedación materna se usa en el 17% de los centros. El número de estudios de RM fetal por año es muy variable, siendo mucho mayor en Barcelona y Madrid que en el resto de España.(AU)


In June 2019 in Seville, at the first course in fetal MRI, endorsed by the Spanish Society of Medical Radiology (SERAM) and the Spanish Society of Pediatric Radiology (SERPE), the Spanish fetal MRI group was founded. To establish this group, a questionnaire was designed for radiologists dedicated to prenatal imaging in Spain and disseminated to the SERAM's members. The questions were related to the type of hospital, to MRI studies (magnetic field, gestational age, use of sedation, number of studies per year, proportion of fetal neuroimaging studies), and to teaching and research about fetal MRI. A total of 41 responses were received from radiologists in 25 provinces (88% working in public hospitals). Very few radiologists in Spain perform prenatal ultrasonography (7%) or prenatal CT. MRI is done in the second trimester (34%) or in the third trimester (44%). In 95% of centers, fetal brain MRI studies predominate. In 41% of the centers, studies can be done on 3 T MRI scanners. Maternal sedation is used in 17% of centers. The number of fetal MRI studies per year varies widely, being much higher in Barcelona and Madrid than in the rest of Spain.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Fetus/diagnostic imaging , Prenatal Diagnosis , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Spain , Surveys and Questionnaires
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